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h\nXIÄ ssZhnI]²Xnbn þ1 

knÌÀ kqk³ amXyp

cq¯v: D¯a kv{XoXz¯nsâ

amXrI

Hcp kv{XobpsS AXnPoh\¯nsâ AÛpXmhlhpw efnXkpµchpamb BJym\amWv cq¯nsâ ]pkvXIw. ssZh`àbmb kv{Xok¦Â¸¯nsâ DZm¯ amXrI, Bß{]tNmZnXamb PohnX¯nsâ DSa, ssZh{]hÀ¯\§fpsS {InbmßI`mKw F¶nXymZn \neIfn cq¯v \½psS a\Ên AZzXobØm\w Ae¦cn¡p¶p. GXp Øe¯pw kab¯pw ssZhw \½n F§s\bmWv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv, F´n\pth¬SnbmWv ssZhw \s½ hnfn¡p¶Xv F¶Xv cq¯v hkvXp\njvTambn shfns¸Sp¯p¶p. Ime¯n BteJ\w sN¿s¸SpIbpw \½psS hnNn´\¯n\mbn kwc£n¡s¸SpIbpw sNbvXncn¡p¶ cq¯nsâ Ncn{Xw Hmtcm D¯akv{XoPohnX¯nsâbpw \ngÂNn{XamWv.

PohnXw A\h[n \nÀ®mbI \nanj§fpsS BsI¯pIbmWv. \jvS§fpsS, A]ISkm[yXIfpsS, amä¯nsâ, _Ô§fpsS, AXnPoh\¯nsâ \nanj§Ä. Ime¯nsâ hgn¯mcbneqsS IS¶pt]mIp¶ Hcp kv{Xosb Ahfm¡n¯oÀ¡p¶Xv A\p`h§fmWv.

cq¯nsâ ]pkvXIw c¬Sv kv{XoIfpsS IYbmWv. {]mbwsN¶ A½mhnb½ \thmanbpw sNdp¸¡mcnbmb acpaIÄ cq¯pw. Ccphcpw ssh[hyw A\p`hn¡p¶hÀ. AÂ]am{Xamb hn`htijnbpw AKm[amb hyYIfpapÅhÀ, FXncpIÄ\ndª temI¯nepw ]ckv]ckvt\lw ssIapXembhÀ. £ma¯nÂ\n¶v c£t\Sphm³ kztZiamb sbcqiteanÂ\n¶v tamhm_nte¡v {]bmWw sNbvX \thmanbpsS `À¯mhv AhnsS acn¨p. ChcpsS c¬Sv B¬a¡Ä tamhm_ykv{XoIsf hnhmlwsNbvXp. Hcphsâ `mcy cq¯pw asämcphsâ `mcy HmÀ¸bpw. ]¯phÀj¯n\ptijw \thmanbpsS Cu c¬Sp B¬a¡fpw temI¯nÂ\n¶v amäs¸«p. \thmanbpw c¬Sv acpa¡fpw icWaähcmbn. A\ytZiamb tamhm_n AhfpsS PohnX¯n\v Bg¯n Cd§nb thcpIfnÃ, thÀ¸mSnsâ \jvSZpxJw ian¸n¡phm³ ZoÀLIme kplr¯p¡fpanÃ. FÃmw \jvSs¸« \thman Xsâ kz´\m«nte¡v aS§phm³ Xocpam\n¨p. acpa¡tfmSp ho¬Spw hnhmlnXcmbn PohnXw ]pXpXmbn Icp¸nSn¸n¡phm³ AhÄ _p²nbp]tZin¨p. acpaIfmb HmÀ¸, A½mhnb½bpsS D]tZiw D]Imcambn kzoIcn¨v Xsâ kz´P\¯nsâ CSbnte¡v aS§n. AhÄ Xsâ PohnX¯n\v kpc£nXhpw tim`h\hpamb `mhn B{Kln¨p.

F¶m cq¯v AXnÂ\n¶pw XnI¨pw hyXykvXamb Hcp Xocpam\w ssIs¡m¬Sp. ""\o t]mIn¶nS¯p Rm\pw t]mcpw, \o ]mÀ¡p¶nS¯v Rm\pw]mÀ¡pw, \nsâ P\w Fsâ P\w, \nsâ ssZhw Fsâ ssZhw, \o acn¡p¶S¯p Rm\pw acn¨v AS¡s¸Spw'' (cq¯v 1:17). Cu hm¡pIfnÂ\n¶pw AtXmsSm¸w AhfpsS A\p`h§fnÂ\n¶pw cq¯nsâ kz`mhalna shfns¸Sp¶p.

\thmantbmsSm¸w sbcqiteante¡p t]mIphm\pÅ cq¯nsâ Xocpam\w \nkmcamb H¶mbncp¶nÃ. cq¯ns\ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw hfsc sshjay§sf A`napJoIcn¡¯¡Xpw A]ISkm[yXIÄ \ndªXpamb kmlNcyw. tamhm_ytcmSpÅ blqZcpsS hnthN\at\m`mhw Ahsf Øncw kaql{`jvTbm¡n¯oÀ¡mw. hnPmXobcpambn«pÅ hnhmlw blqZ\v \njn²ambncns¡, \nXyssh[hy¯nsâ km[yX Ahsf Xpdn¨pt\m¡n. Xsâ `mhnbpsS CS\mgnbn Hcnäpshfn¨wt]mepw ImWm\mhmsX Ccpfna hym]n¡p¶Xmbn tXm¶nbt¸mgpw C§s\ Hcp Xocpam\w FSp¡phm³ Ahsf t{]cn¸n¨ LSI§Ä Fs´ÃmamsW¶p t\m¡mw.

1. ssZhm{ibw

AhfpsS hm¡pIÄ Bgtadnb ssZhm{ibw hyàam¡p¶p. tamhm_n At\IssZh§Ä D¬sS¦nepw bn{kmtbeycpsS ssZhamWv Poh\pff ssZhw F¶v AhÄ a\Ênem¡n. B ssZh¯n\p am{Xta PohnX¯nse XIÀ¨ amän ]pXpkrjvSn sN¿phm³ Ignbq F¶ bmYmÀ°yw AhÄ Xncn¨dnªp. B ssZh¯nepÅ hnizmkw _mlyt\{X§ÄsIm¬Sp ImWp¶ Nne hkvXp¡fneÃ, {]XypX, ImWm¯Imcy§fpsS \nÝb¯nte¡v Ahsf \bn¨p. ssZh¯n B{ibn¨m Ah³ Hcp\mfpw Dt]£n¡bnsöv AhÄ Dd¨p. AXv {]XnIqe§sf t\cnSphm\pw A]ISkm[yXIÄ ss[cyt¯msS ssIImcyw sN¿phm\pw Ahsf kÖbm¡n. kXyssZhs¯¡pdn¨pÅ ]cnÚm\w AhÄ¡v FhnsS\n¶mWv e`n¨Xv? AhÄ ]dbp¶p: \nsâ ssZhw Fsâ ssZhw! Xsâ A½mhnb½bpsS ssZhs¯ AhÄ kz´ssZhambn«v kzoIcn¨p. c¬Sp hkvXpXIÄ CXn AS§nbncn¡p¶p. A½mhnb½ tkhn¡p¶ ssZhw Poh\pÅ ssZhambn AhÄ a\Ênem¡n. B ssZhs¯ Bcm[n¡p¶ \thmanbpsS kz`mhw cq¯ns\ kzm[o\n¡phm\pw CSbmbn. D¯aamb Cu _Ôw \½psS IpSpw_§fnepw amXrIbmtI¬SXmWv. AhfpsS ssZhm{ibs¯¡pdn¨p AhÄ kzbw ]dbp¶Xnep]cn AhfpsS PohnXw I¬ShÀ AXv bYmÀ°ambn AwKoIcn¡phm³ CSbmbn. "bn{kmtbentâ ssZhamb btlmhbpsS NndIn³Iogn B{ibn¨ph¶ \n\¡v Ah³ ]qÀ® {]Xn^ew \ÂIpamdmIs«' Fs¶ t_mhmkv Ahsf A\p{Kln¨p ]dªp (2:12). ssZh¯n ]qÀ®ambn B{ibn¡p¶hÀ¡pÅ {]Xn^ehpw ]qÀ®ambncn¡pw F¶v cq¯nsâ ]n¶oSpÅ A\p`hw sXfnbn¨p. XncphN\¯n tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶ At\Iw ssZh`àcpsS PohnXm\p`h§Ä Cu kXyw ØncoIcn¡p¶p.

2. A\pkcWw

AhÄ hnizØbmb `mcybpw A\pkcWapff acpaIfpw Bbncp¶p. AhÄ kzbw Imcy§Ä Xocpam\n¡msX Xsâ A½mhnb½bpsS A\phmZw tXSp¶p (2:1þ2). AhÄ hben Imems]dp¡phm³, sImbv¯pImcnÂ\n¶v ssIhn«pt]mb IXnÀaWnIÄ tiJcn¡phm³ Cd§n¸pds¸«p. hÀj§fmbn `h\¯nsâ Dffn kkpJw hkn¨hÄ Ct¸mÄ kqcysâ D{KXm]¯nsâ Iogn ]Ie´ntbmfw ITn\{]bXv\w sN¿phm³ Xbmdmbn. AhÄ BcnÂ\n¶pw HuZmcyw tXSnbnÃ. Bscbpw klmbnbmbn At\zjn¨XpanÃ. Xsâ ap¼n I¬S AÂ]amb kmlNcys¯ AhÄ ]camh[n {]tbmP\s¸Sp¯phm³ {ian¨p. ]cmXntbm ]cn`htam ]dbmsX, e`n¨ kmlNcys¯ AhÄ ]camh[n {]tbmP\s¸Sp¯phm³ {ian¨p.

AhÄ sN¿p¶ {]hr¯n ssZh¯nsâ \ymb{]amW¯nsâ hyhØ{]Imcambncp¶p. ]ctZintbmSpw A]cnNnXtcmSpw IcpWImWn¡phm\pw IcpXphm\pw Xsâ P\t¯mSp ssZhw I¸n¨ hN\w AhÄ¡v Adnbmambncp¶p, Imems]dp¡phm³ AhÄ hben t]mbt¸mÄ bYmÀ°¯n ssZh¯nsâ hyhØsb AhÄ ]qÀ®ambpw apdpsI¸nSn¨p. A]cnNnXamb Npäp]mSn {]tXyIn¨v kuµcyhXnbmb Xm³ GIbmbn, ]pcpj·mcpsS CSbn tPmensN¿p¶Xn A]ISkm[yX DÅt¸mÄXs¶ Ahsb AhKWn¡phm³ Xocpam\n¨Xv Xsâ \·sb am{Xw e£yam¡nbÃ, hr²bmb A½mhnb½bpsS PohkÔmcW¯n\pth¬Snbpw Bbncp¶p. cq¯nsâ \nkzmÀ°amb at\m`mhamWv ChnsS sXfnªp\n¡p¶Xv. aäpÅhcpsS \·bv¡mbn kzbw kaÀ¸n¡p¶ XymtKmPzeamb at\m`mhw. F¶m AhÄ thK¯n BZchn\v ]m{Xambn. t_mhmkv AhfpsS kpc£bpw {]Xn^ehpw Dd¸m¡p¶p. AhÄ¡v e`n¨ A\Àlamb AwKoImchpw ]cnKW\bpw Ahsf IqSpX hn\bm\znXbm¡nbtXbpÅq (2:7þ10). AhÄ aäpÅhcn \à km£yw ssIs¡mÅphm³ CSbmbn.

3. \nkzmÀ° kvt\lw

cq¯v ITn\m[zm\w sNbvXp¬Sm¡nb [m\yhpw t_mhmkv HuZmcyambn sImSp¯ `£Whpw X\n¡mbn am{Xw D]tbmKn¡msX Xsâ A½mhnb½bpambn AhÄ ]¦phbv¡p¶p. kvt\lw s]mÅbmb hm¡pIfn ]cnanXs¸Sp¯msX kÂ{]hr¯nbn shfns¸Sp¯pIbmWv AhÄ sNbvXXv.(2:18). AhfpsS kz`mhsshinjvTyw aäpÅhÀ a\Ênem¡n. t_mhmkv AhtfmSp ""\nsâ `À¯mhv acn¨tijw \nsâ A½mhnb½bv¡v \o sNbvXncn¡p¶pXv \nsâ A¸t\bpw A½tbbpw kztZit¯bpw hn«v apt¼ Adnbm¯ P\¯nsâ ASpt¯¡v h¶ncn¡p¶Xpamb hnhcsamt¡bpw Rm³ tI«ncn¡p¶p'' (2:11), ""\o D¯akv{Xosb¶v Fsâ P\amb ]«W¡mÀs¡ÃmhÀ¡pw Adnbmw'' (3:15). cq¯n\v t_mhmkn Hcp aI³ P\n¨t¸mÄ Ahsf ImWphms\¯nb kv{XoIÄ hntijn¸n¡p¶Xv AhÄ \thmansb kvt\ln¡p¶hfpw Ggp ]p{X·mtc¡mÄ D¯abpw Bbncn¡p¶ acpaIÄ (4:15) F¶mWv. bYmÀ°¯n ssZhm{ibambncp¶p AhfpsS kz`mht{ijvTXbpsS ASnØm\w. B kz`mht{ijvTXbn t_mhmkv BIrjvT\mbn¯oÀ¶p. Ah³ AhfpsS ho¬sSSp¸pImc\mbn¯oÀ¶p. Ah³ AhÄ¡v Hcp ]pXnb PohnXw \ÂIphm³ Xbmdmbn. Imems]dp¡phm³ hben h¶hÄ Ime{ItaW hbensâ DSabmbn¯oÀ¶p. AXv am{XaÃ, t_mhmkn\v Ahfnep¬Smb k´m\w tbip{InkvXphnsâ hwimhenbn AhfpsS Øm\w Dd¸n¨p. tamhm_yÀ ]¯mw Xeapdt]mepw btlmhbpsS k`bn {]thin¡cpXv F¶v I¸n¨ ssZhw (Bh. 23:3), tamhm_y F¦nepw AhfpsS B{ibw \nan¯w hmKvZ¯ ainlmbpsS hwimhenbn DÄs¸Sp¯¡ ]Zhnbnte¡v Ahsf DbÀ¯n am\n¨p. (a¯mbn 1:5þ6).

ssZh¯nepÅ AN©eamb hnizmkhpw A£bamb B{ibhpw PohnX¯nse {]XnkµnIsf hnPbIambn t\cnSphm³ \s½ kÖcm¡p¶p F¶v cq¯v Xsâ A\p`h¯neqsS \s½ ]Tn¸n¡p¶p. ssZhw Hcp¡p¶ GXp kmlNcyhpw ssZhlnX¯nsâ ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\mbpÅ Ahkcambn \mw ImWpIbpw AXn\mbn \s½ kaÀ¸n¡pIbpw thWw. ssZh¯n B{ibn¡pIbpw ssZhlnXw sN¿p¶XneqsSbpw cq¯v Xsâ kv{XoXz¯nsâ ka{KX {]m]n¡pIbmWv sNbvXXv. ssZhkvt\lw aäpÅhtcmSpÅ IS¸mSpIÄ \s½ HmÀan¸n¡p¶p. ssZhnIkaÀ¸Ww kz`mht{ijvTXbnte¡v \s½ \S¯p¶p.

PohnXs¯ XfÀ¯p¶ {]XnkÔn h¶t¸mgpw FÃmw hn[nsb¶v ]cnX]n¡msXbpw ]cnlmc¯n\mbn temI¯nsâ amÀ¤w tXSmsXbpw ssZht¯mSp tNÀ¶p\n¶psIm¬Sv Ahsâ hN\¯n _es¸«v apt¶dp¶ [otcmZm¯amb amXrIbmWv cq¯n \mw ImWp¶Xv. ""Hcp a\pjysâ hgnbn {]kmZw tXm¶nbm btlmh Ahsâ Ka\w Øncam¡pw'' (k¦oÀ¯\w 37:23), ""Ah³ Ft¶mSp ]änbncn¡bm Rm³ Ahs\ hnSphn¡pw. Ah³ Fsâ \mas¯ AdnbpIbm Rm³ Ahs\ DbÀ¯pw. Ah³ Fs¶ hnfn¨t]£n¡pw, Rm³ Ah\v D¯cacpfpw, IjvSIme¯v Rm³ Aht\mSp IqsSbncn¡pw. Rm³ Ahs\ hnSphn¨v alXzs¸Sp¯pw. ZoÀLmbÊpsIm¬Sv Rm³ Ah\p Xr]vXnhcp¯pw. Fsâ c£sb Ah¶p ImWn¨psImSp¡pw'' (k¦oÀ¯\w 91: 14þ16). Cu hN\{]Imcw cq¯ns\t¸mse ssZh{]kmZapÅ PohnX¯n\v DSabmbn, ssZht¯mSp ]änt¨À¶v hnSpXepw A\p{Klhpw \ap¡p {]m]n¡mw.

kaql¯n kv{XoXzw A]am\n¡s¸Sp¶p, tIhew I¨hS¨c¡mbn ImWs¸Sp¶ B[p\nItemI¯n ssZhm{ibwsIm¬Spw kz`mht{ijvTXsIm¬Spw kz´hyànXzw Xncn¨dnªpw aäpÅhcpsS _lpam\w BÀÖn¡phm\pw A{]Imcw ssZhw \ÂInb kv{XoXz¯nsâ ka{Kamb hnIk\¯nte¡pw ]qÀ¯oIcW¯nte¡pw apt¶dphm\pw cq¯v FÃm ktlmZcnamscbpw Blzm\w sN¿p¶p.

ssZhw \½psS kmlNcytam tbmKyXItfm Øm\alnaItfm H¶pw t\m¡p¶nÃ, X¶n B{ibn¡pIbpw Xs¶ A\pkcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ hyànIsf GXpIme¯pw GXpkab¯pw ssZhw Xsâ {]hr¯n¡mbn D]tbmKn¨n«p¬Sv. AXn\mbn \s½¯s¶ kaÀ¸n¡mw. A{]ImcapÅ Hcp kaÀ¸nXPohnX¯n\v FÃmbvt¸mgpw A\pIcWob amXrIbpw Dt¯P\hpw iàamb Blzm\amWv cq¯v \ap¡v \ÂIp¶Xv.

hmb\¡mcpsS {]XnIcW§Ä Adnbn¡phm³ ChnsS ¢n¡v sN¿pI

h\nXIÄ ssZhnI]²Xnbn þ2

knÌÀ kqk³ amXyp

bn{kmtbens\ \bn¨ \ymbm[n]·mcpsS Iq«¯n {][m\s¸« ]¦phln¨ \ymb[n]bmWv sZt_md. \ymbm[n]·mcpsS ]pkvXIw \mev, A©v A[ymb§Ä sZt_mdbpsS ip{iqjsb {]Xn]mZn¡p¶p. bn{kmtb a¡Ä btlmhbv¡v A\njvTambXv sNbvXXn\m btlmh Ahsc I\m\y cmPmhmb bm_o\p hnäpIfªp (4:1,2). bm_o³ Ccp]Xv hÀjw ITnambn bn{kmtb a¡sf sRcp¡nbt¸mÄ AhÀ btlmhtbmSp \nehnfn¨p. Cu ImeL«¯nemWv tZmt_md \ymb]me\w sNbvXXv.

\ymbm[n]·mÀ \memw A[ymb¯n sZt_md apJm´ncw bn{kmtben\p¬Smb hnPbs¯ {]Xn]mZn¡pt¼mÄ A©mw A[ymbw hnPbw X¶ btlmhsb kvXpXn¡p¶ PbKoXw (kvXpXn KoXw) BWv. aäv \ymbm[n]·mÀ bp²¯n hnPb¯n\p tijw \mbIØm\t¯¡p DbÀ¯s¸Spt¼mÄ sZt_md bp²¯n hnPbw hcn¡p¶Xn\v ap¼pXs¶ \ymbm[n]bmbncp¶p (4:4). sZt_mdsbt¸mse hnhn[ \neIfn ip{iqj sNbvX Hcp kv{Xosb bn{kmtb P\¯nsâ CSbn ImWpI hfsc A]qÀÆamWv.

sZt_mdbpsS {]tXyIXIÄ Fs´Ãmw F¶p t\m¡mw.

1. IpSpw_n\n (\ymbm[n]·mÀ 4:4)

2. {]hmNIn (\ymbm[n]·mÀ 4:4)

3. \ymb]meI (\ymbm[n]·mÀ 4:5)

4. bp²¯n\p ]pds¸Sp¶hÄ (\ymbm[n]·mÀ 4:10)

5. bn{kmtbensâ amXmhv (\ymbm[n]·mÀ 5:7)

sZt_md F¶ hm¡nsâ AÀ°w "tX\o¨' F¶mWv. sZt_md kz´IpSpw_¯n hnizkvXbmbn ]mÀ¯p. IpSpw_s¯ ]cn]men¡p¶ ip{iqjtbmsSIqsS ssZhnIkwkÀK¯n\pw ssZhnI {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡pw AhÄ ap³Xq¡w sImSp¯ncp¶p. ssZhP\¯nsâ ØnXn a\Ênem¡n AhcpsS c£bv¡pth¬Sn {]hÀ¯n¡phm³ sZt_md Hcp¡s¸«p. IpSp_]cn]me\¯n am{Xw HXp§n \n¡msX ssZh¯nsâ {]hr¯n¡pth¬Sn Xsâ PohnX¯n {]YaØm\w \ÂInbXv {]iwk\obhpw A\pIcWobhpamWv.

ssZh¯nsâ Acpf¸mSv Xsâ P\s¯ bYmkabw Adnbn¡p¶ ip{iqjbpw sZt_md sNbvXncp¶p. sZt_md {]hmNIn F¶ \nebn hntijn¸n¡s¸Sp¶Xpw {it²bamWv. ssZhhN\§Ä, `mhnbn kw`hn¡m³ t]mIp¶ hnjb§Ä, Nne ap¶dnbn¸pIÄ ChsbÃmw AhfpsS {]hN\ip{iqjbn DÄs¸«ncp¶p. btlmhbnÂ\n¶v Acpf¸mSv kzoIcn¨ sZt_md _mcm¡ns\ bp²¯n\v ]pds¸Sm³ Blzm\w sNbvXp (4: 6.7).

bm_nsâ tk\m]Xnbmbncp¶ knkscbpw Ahsâ cY§sfbpw ssk\ys¯bpw Iotim³ tXmSn\cnsI \nsâ ssIbnte¸n¡psa¶v bn{kmtbensâ ssZhamb btlmh \nt¶mSp I¸n¡p¶psh¶v AhÄ Adnbn¨p. ssZhw Xcp¶ BtemI\IÄ ad¨phbv¡msX Adnbn¨XpsIm¬Sv bn{kmtb P\s¯ hnPb¯nte¡v \bn¡phm³ sZt_mdbv¡v Ignªp.

sZt_md ]mÀ¯ncp¶ Øe¯v bn{kmtbÂa¡Ä \ymbhkvXmc¯n\v sNÃpI ]Xnhmbncp¶p. bn{kmtbensâ \ymbm[n]bmbn AhÄ kvXpXyÀlamb tkh\w A\pjvTn¨p. F{^bnw ]ÀÆX¯n cmabv¡pw s_tYen\pw at[ybpÅ Cu´¸\.bpsS Iogn ]mÀ¯ncp¶ sZt_md Xsâ P\¯n\v \ymbw sNbvXXnsâ Xpeyamb ip{iqj tamibpsS PohnX¯n \ap¡v ImWphm³ Ignbpw. P\w \ymb]me\¯n\v kao]n¨ c¬Sv {][m\ hyànIfmWv tamibpw sZt_mdbpw (]pd¸mSv 18:13).

\ymbm[n]³ F¶ hm¡n\v tkms^¯v F¶ F{_mb]Zhpw {Iotäkv F¶ {Ko¡v ]ZhpamWv D]tbmKn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. X§fpsS Úm\w D]tbmKn¨v {]iv\]cnlmcw D]tZin¡pIbpw \ymbw \S¯ns¡mSp¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ {]hr¯nbmWv Cu ]Zw sIm¬Sv Dt±in¡p¶Xv. Hcp a[yØsâ ZuXyhpw ChnsS hnh£n¡p¶p. bn{kmtb P\s¯ hnPb¯nte¡v \bn¡pIbpw AhcpsS c£bpw kpc£nXXzhpw Dd¸m¡p¶ {]hr¯nbmWv sZt_md ImgvNh¨Xv.

bp²¯nsâ \mbIXzw hln¡phm³ _mcm¡v hnk½Xn¨t¸mÄ ssZh¯nsâ Acpf¸mSv hnizkn¨v ss[cyt¯msS bp²¯n\v ]pds¸Sm³ AhÄ Xbmdmbn (4:10). aäpÅhÀ `bs¸«p ]n·mdp¶ thfbn ssZhkm¶n[yw Dd¸m¡pIbpw ss[cyhpw hnizmkhpw ]IÀ¶p sImSp¡p¶ sZt_mdbpsS {]hr¯n Nn´\obamWv. \mbI·mÀ bn{kmtben \mamhtijamb Ime¯mWv AhÄ bn{kmtbensâ \mbIXzw GsäSp¡p¶Xv. AXpsIm¬Sv bn{kmtbensâ amXmsh¶ A]c\ma¯n\v AhÄ Gähpw tbmKybmbn (5:7).

D¯chmZnXzt¯msS {]hÀ¯n¡pIbpw Xsâ KpWt¯¡mfp]cnbmbn PohnXw apgph\pw IpSpw_s¯ ]peÀ¯phm³ \nkzmÀ°ambn thÀXncn¨ sZt_md Ct¸mÄ Xsâ IpSpw_¯nsâ am{XaÃ, bn{kmtb apgphsâbpw amXmsh¶ Øm\t¯¡v DbÀ¯s¸«p. ssZhZÀi\w Xncn¨dnª sZt_md X\n¡p e`n¨ ZÀi\¯nsâ ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\mbn \nÝbZmÀUvVyt¯msS {]hÀ¯n¨p. Xsâ P\¯n\v kzØX e`n¡pthmfw hn{ian¡pIbnà F¶ ZrVamb Xocpam\w aäpÅhsc ssZh{]hr¯n¡pth¬Sn {]hÀ¯n¡phm³ apJm´cam¡n.

ssZhw \ap¡p \ÂIp¶ hnetbdnb Ahkc§Ä ssZh\maalXz¯n\pw ssZhP\¯nsâ A\p{Kl¯n\pw D¶a\¯n\pw th¬Sn D]tbmKn¡phm³ sZt_mdbpsS PohnXw \s½ DZvt_m[n¸n¡p¶p. {]XnIqe§sf I¬Sv `b¶v ]n·mdphmt\m hnaÀi\§fpsS ap¼msI XeIp\n¡phmt\m CSbmImsX ssZh\ntbmKw {]m]n¨psIm¬Sv i{Xphnt\mSpÅ t]mcm«¯nsâ ap³\ncbn IS¶phcphm³ ssZhw ktlmZcnamsc Blzm\w sN¿p¶p. ssZhP\¯nsâ BßoIm`nhr²n¡pth¬Sn {]mÀ°n¡p¶hscXs¶ AXn\v D]tbmàamb Bbp[§fm¡n XoÀ¡phm\mWv ssZh¯nsâ ]²Xn.

kz´w IpSpw_¯nepw kaql¯nepw \à km£yapÅhscbmWv ssZhw \mbIØm\t¯¡v DbÀ¯p¶Xv. \mbI·mÀ `bhnlzecmbn Xocpt¼mÄ ssZhmtemN\bpsS ap¼msI hnizmkt¯mSpw AÀ¸Wat\m`mht¯mSpw {]hÀ¯n¨v ssZhP\¯nsâ hnPbw \ap¡v Dd¸n¡mw. ssZhw \s½ G¸n¨ `h\Imcy§fn hnizkvXcmbncn¡pt¼mgpw DÄs¸«v \n¡p¶ kaql¯nsâ \·sb em¡m¡n {]hÀ¯n¡phm³ \mw ad¶pt]mIp¶p. F¶m \·bpw Pbhpw \mw ssIhcn¡pt¼mÄ. \·bpsS DdhnShpw Pb¯nsâ \nZm\hpamb ssZhs¯ kvXpXn¡phm³ \mw ad¶pt]mIcpXv. X\n¡pth¬Sn Pbw \ÂIn¯¶ ssZhs¯ \µntbmsS sZt_md ]mSnkvXpXn¡p¶p. t\SnsbSp¯ hnPb¯n AanXambv ]mSn kvXpXn¡phm³ sZt_md XbmdmbXv \apt¡hÀ¡pw FÃmbvt¸mgpw A\pIcWobhpw A\nhmcyhpamb amXrIbmWv.

hmb\¡mcpsS {]XnIcW§Ä Adnbn¡phm³ ChnsS ¢n¡v sN¿pI